El valor de las patentes en el sistema de innovación en España

[EN] ts are becoming increasingly important in the innovation strategies of companies, research centers, and countries, and they have become a key tool for facilitating knowledge transfer, collaboration, and entrepreneurship. However, estimating the net value of their contribution to a country’s innovation system, including their costs and benefits, remains a challenge, especially due to their great heterogeneity. The objective of this article is to advance in that direction by presenting the evolution of patents within the innovation system in Spain in recent years and by showing some indicators of their value and the relevance of Spanish scientific publications cited in both national and foreign patents.