Doppler Frequency Shift Prediction and Acquisition Method for High-Speed Aircraft Relative to Low Orbit Satellites

The rapid relative displacement between high-speed aircraft and low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellites causes Doppler frequency shifts, affecting signal synchronization, acquisition, and demodulation performance. To address this issue, a Doppler shift prediction acquisition method combining aircraft PVT (Position, Velocity, Time) information and LEO satellite ephemeris data was proposed. The relative velocity was calculated using an analytical approach to predict the Doppler shift range. Within the preset interval, fractional Doppler estimation and compensation were applied, solved the problems of high resource consumption and insufficient accuracy in traditional methods. Simulations showed that the maximum residual frequency offset after compensation is significantly lower than the error range of traditional methods.