A Comparative Study of Quantum Programming Languages: Programmability and Computational Efficiency

Quantum computing is rapidly becoming of increasing importance as they become more powerful and accessible. With computers surpassing the 1,000-qubit threshold and quantum chips like Google’s Willow gaining traction, these devices are pushing the boundaries of what was once impossible. However, as with any computer, these devices are only as effective as the platform used to control them. From here emerges quantum programming and the quantum programming languages behind them. This study attempts to compare the features, ease of use, and efficiency of various quantum programming languages including Qunity, Qiskit, and Q#. These quantum programming languages take vastly different approaches to achieve the same task: effective control over quantum processes. This study will undertake the complicated task of comparing completely different quantum programming methods. These standalone languages have different structures and platforms, with their base languages ranging from the common Python to the niche OCaml. The work in this study aims to establish a comprehensive guide to the uses and advantages to various quantumprogramming languages.