Concealed Cognitive Disabilities, Bullying in the Workplace, and the Americans with Disabilities Act

This qualitative study uniquely explores the perceptions of individuals with concealable cognitive disabilities (CCDs) regarding Titles I–III of the Americans with Disabilities Act and its amendments (ADAAA). The research addresses a significant gap in understanding this population’s views on workplace experiences, particularly in the context of harassment, privacy, self-identification, and labeling. Using Schneider and Ingram’s social construction framework to examine societal power dynamics, the study analyzed interviews with eight participants, employing rigorous thematic coding. The analysis revealed four key themes: social construction (perception in the workplace and the power of employment protections), disability (cognitive disabilities and the challenges of disclosure and labeling), policy (employment protections under ADA/ADAAA), and bullying (experiences of harassment in professional settings). The findings highlighted systemic barriers, the fear of stigmatization, and inconsistent ADA policy implementation. Participants reported significant challenges such as privacy concerns, reluctance to disclose disabilities, and frequent experiences of workplace bullying. Despite legal protections, these individuals face discrimination and inadequate support. The study highlights the need for better education about CCDs, improved workplace civility, and stronger enforcement of ADA policies to ensure greater inclusion, equity for individuals with CCDs, and to ensure positive social change.