Assessment of Perceptions and Self-Efficacy Regarding Animal Bites Among Rural Male Middle School Students Based on the Health Belief Model

Background and Aims: Animal bites in children are a serious medical and public health issue, especially in developing countries like Iran, where both human and animal rabies remain public health concerns. Materials and Methods: This study used stratified sampling and a sample size formula to include 206 male students from Kalat County. Data collection was done through a 19-item questionnaire covering demographics,knowledge assessment, and Health Belief Model constructs. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software, employing descriptive statistics (absolute and relative frequencies, mean, and standard deviation) and analytical tests, such as t-tests and chi-square tests. Result: According to the findings, 33.6% of students reported experiencing an animal bite, with hands and feet (20%) being the most common bite sites and summer being the most frequent season for bites. Additionally, 50% of students reported prior awareness about animal bites. A significant correlation was observed between the components of the Health Belief Model among students (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: To improve awareness and preventive actions regarding animal bites, it is essential to not only provide education on the severity of animal bites and the benefits of prevention but also to improve environmental conditions and ensure special attention to safety in residential areas.