Spanning trees in directed square cycles

We classify weakly connected spanning closed (WCSC) subgraphs of $\overrightarrow{C_n^2}$, the square of a directed $n$-vertex cycle. Then we show that every spanning tree of $\overrightarrow{C_n^2}$ is contained in a unique nontrivial WCSC subgraph of $\overrightarrow{C_n^2}$. As a result, we obtain a purely combinatorial derivation of the formula for the number of directed spanning trees of $\overrightarrow{C_n^2}$. Moreover, we obtain the formula for the number of directed spanning trees of $\overrightarrow{C_n^2}$, which is a Jacobsthal number.

Publication Details

Journal
ArXiv.org
Published
2025-03-16
Primary Topic
Mental Health and Well-being
Type
article
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article

Spanning trees in directed square cycles

ArXiv.org
Mental Health and Well-being
article

Spanning trees in directed square cycles

article en

Abstract

We classify weakly connected spanning closed (WCSC) subgraphs of $\overrightarrow{C_n^2}$, the square of a directed $n$-vertex cycle. Then we show that every spanning tree of $\overrightarrow{C_n^2}$ is contained in a unique nontrivial WCSC subgraph of $\overrightarrow{C_n^2}$. As a result, we obtain a purely combinatorial derivation of the formula for the number of directed spanning trees of $\overrightarrow{C_n^2}$. Moreover, we obtain the formula for the number of directed spanning trees of $\overrightarrow{C_n^2}$, which is a Jacobsthal number.

ArXiv.org
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Mental Health and Well-being
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Spanning trees in directed square cycles · ArXiv.org (2025) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS