UT-GraphCast Hindcast Dataset: A Global AI Forecast Archive from UT Austin for Weather and Climate Applications

The UT GraphCast Hindcast Dataset from 1979 to 2024 is a comprehensive global weather forecast archive generated using the Google DeepMind GraphCast Operational model. Developed by researchers at The University of Texas at Austin under the WCRP umbrella, this dataset provides daily 15 day deterministic forecasts at 00UTC on an approximately 25 km global grid for a 45 year period. GraphCast is a physics informed graph neural network that was trained on ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis. It predicts more than a dozen key atmospheric and surface variables on 37 vertical levels, delivering a full medium range forecast in under one minute on modern hardware.

Publication Details

Journal
ArXiv.org
Published
2025-06-20
Primary Topic
Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
Type
article
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article

UT-GraphCast Hindcast Dataset: A Global AI Forecast Archive from UT Austin for Weather and Climate Applications

ArXiv.org
Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
article

UT-GraphCast Hindcast Dataset: A Global AI Forecast Archive from UT Austin for Weather and Climate Applications

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Abstract

The UT GraphCast Hindcast Dataset from 1979 to 2024 is a comprehensive global weather forecast archive generated using the Google DeepMind GraphCast Operational model. Developed by researchers at The University of Texas at Austin under the WCRP umbrella, this dataset provides daily 15 day deterministic forecasts at 00UTC on an approximately 25 km global grid for a 45 year period. GraphCast is a physics informed graph neural network that was trained on ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis. It predicts more than a dozen key atmospheric and surface variables on 37 vertical levels, delivering a full medium range forecast in under one minute on modern hardware.

ArXiv.org
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Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
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UT-GraphCast Hindcast Dataset: A Global AI Forecast Archive from UT Austin for Weather and Climate Applications · ArXiv.org (2025) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS