Pattern formation Statistics on Fermat Quotients
Despite their simple definition as $\mathfrak{q}_p(b):=\frac{b^{p-1}-1}{p} \pmod p$, for $0\le b \le p^2-1$ and $\gcd(b,p)=1$, and their regular arrangement in a $p\times(p-1)$ Fermat quotient matrix $\mathtt{FQM}(p)$ of integers from $[0,p-1]$, Fermat quotients modulo $p$ are well known for their overall lack of regularity. Here, we discuss this contrasting effect by proving that, on the one hand, any line of the matrix behaves like an analogue of a randomly distributed sequence of numbers, and on the other hand, the spatial statistics of distances on regular $N$-patterns confirm the natural expectations.
Publication Details
- Journal
- ArXiv.org
- Published
- 2025-06-21
- Primary Topic
- Analytic Number Theory Research
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00