It costs nothing to teleport information into a black hole

It is often claimed that adding a qubit to a black hole requires energy $ΔE \geq T_H \log 2$ so that the extra Bekenstein-Hawking entropy can accommodate the qubit. In this essay, we explain how the recently discovered phenomenon of black hole decoherence allows quantum information to be teleported into a black hole, with arbitrarily small energy cost. The generalized second law is not violated and there is no conflict with unitarity because the teleportation creates new entanglement, analogous to Hawking radiation, between the black hole interior and exterior. In accordance with Landauer's principle, a nonzero minimum energy cost only appears when there is a net erasure of information and noise from the exterior or, equivalently, when ``zerobits'' are sent into the black hole.

Publication Details

Journal
ArXiv.org
Published
2025-04-01
Primary Topic
Probability and Statistical Research
Type
article
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It costs nothing to teleport information into a black hole

ArXiv.org
Probability and Statistical Research
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It costs nothing to teleport information into a black hole

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Abstract

It is often claimed that adding a qubit to a black hole requires energy $ΔE \geq T_H \log 2$ so that the extra Bekenstein-Hawking entropy can accommodate the qubit. In this essay, we explain how the recently discovered phenomenon of black hole decoherence allows quantum information to be teleported into a black hole, with arbitrarily small energy cost. The generalized second law is not violated and there is no conflict with unitarity because the teleportation creates new entanglement, analogous to Hawking radiation, between the black hole interior and exterior. In accordance with Landauer's principle, a nonzero minimum energy cost only appears when there is a net erasure of information and noise from the exterior or, equivalently, when ``zerobits'' are sent into the black hole.

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It costs nothing to teleport information into a black hole · ArXiv.org (2025) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS