An Acoustic Inversion-Based Flow Measurement Model in 3D Hydrodynamic Systems

This study extends the flow measurement method initially proposed in [22] to three-dimensional scenarios, addressing the growing need for accurate and efficient non-contact flow measurement techniques in complex hydrodynamic environments. Compared to conventional Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers (ADCPs) and remote sensing-based flow monitoring, the proposed method enables high-resolution, continuous water velocity measurement, making it well-suited for hazardous environments such as floods, strong currents, and sediment-laden rivers. Building upon the original approach, we develop an enhanced model that incorporates multiple emission directions and flexible configurations of receivers. These advancements improve the adaptability and accuracy of the method when applied to three-dimensional flow fields. To evaluate its feasibility, we conducted extensive numerical simulations designed to mimic real-world hydrodynamic conditions. The results demonstrate that the proposed method effectively handles diverse and complex flow field configurations, highlighting its potential for practical applications in water resource management and hydraulic engineering.