Symmetrizing relativistic three-body partial wave amplitudes

S matrix principles and symmetries impose constraints on three-particle scattering amplitudes, which can be formulated as a class of integral equations for their partial wave projections. However, these amplitudes are typically expressed in an asymmetric basis, where one of the initial and final state particles is singled out, and all quantum numbers are defined relative to this spectator. In this work, we show how to construct symmetric partial wave amplitudes, which have been symmetrized over all possible spectator combinations, using their asymmetric counterparts and sets of recoupling coefficients. We derive these recoupling coefficients for arbitrary angular momentum and isospin for arbitrary systems of spinless particles with SU(2) flavor symmetry. We propose a simple intensity observable suitable for visualizing the structure of three-body dynamics in Dalitz distributions. Finally, we provide some numerical examples of Dalitz distributions relevant for future lattice QCD calculations of $3π$ systems and provide numerical evidence that the symmetrization procedure is consistent with expected symmetries of Dalitz plots.

Publication Details

Journal
ArXiv.org
Published
2025-07-18
Primary Topic
Nuclear physics research studies
Type
article
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article

Symmetrizing relativistic three-body partial wave amplitudes

ArXiv.org
Nuclear physics research studies
article

Symmetrizing relativistic three-body partial wave amplitudes

article en

Abstract

S matrix principles and symmetries impose constraints on three-particle scattering amplitudes, which can be formulated as a class of integral equations for their partial wave projections. However, these amplitudes are typically expressed in an asymmetric basis, where one of the initial and final state particles is singled out, and all quantum numbers are defined relative to this spectator. In this work, we show how to construct symmetric partial wave amplitudes, which have been symmetrized over all possible spectator combinations, using their asymmetric counterparts and sets of recoupling coefficients. We derive these recoupling coefficients for arbitrary angular momentum and isospin for arbitrary systems of spinless particles with SU(2) flavor symmetry. We propose a simple intensity observable suitable for visualizing the structure of three-body dynamics in Dalitz distributions. Finally, we provide some numerical examples of Dalitz distributions relevant for future lattice QCD calculations of $3π$ systems and provide numerical evidence that the symmetrization procedure is consistent with expected symmetries of Dalitz plots.

ArXiv.org
Openalex Percentile: Top 76%
Nuclear physics research studies
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Symmetrizing relativistic three-body partial wave amplitudes · ArXiv.org (2025) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS