AI Attitudes Among Marginalized Populations in the U.S.: Nonbinary, Transgender, and Disabled Individuals Report More Negative AI Attitudes

As artificial intelligence (AI) technologies become increasingly per- vasive, understanding public perceptions of AI is crucial for en- suring equitable adoption and impact. Attitudes toward AI, such as whether it is seen as helpful or harmful, may vary based on social identities and lived experiences. In this study, we conducted a survey (n = 742) including a representative U.S. sample and an oversample of gender minorities, racial minorities, and disabled individuals to examine how demographic factors shape AI attitudes. Our findings reveal that in the U.S. context, participants who are nonbinary, transgender, and/or women, and disabled participants, particularly those who are neurodivergent or have mental health conditions, report significantly more negative attitudes towards AI compared to majority groups. We argue that these disparities highlight a critical issue: negative AI attitudes among marginalized communities signals a continued failure to account for their needs and concerns in AI design and use. That marginalized Americans have more negative views towards AI should prompt reflection and critical examination of the prevalent rhetoric of AI’s purported inevitability and its framing as a universal social good.