Supplementary Materials for "Kidney hyperfiltration and mitochondrial changes are associated with eGFR decline in young people with type 1 diabetes"

Improving health care outcomes for young people with type 1 diabetes remains a significant challenge in clinical practice. Diagnosis at a young age and hence longer diabetes duration increases the risk of developing diabetes-related complications, with diabetic kidney (DKD) and cardiovascular disease being major drivers of morbidity and mortality. We aimed to examine the relationship between kidney hyperfiltration during adolescence and subsequent changes in markers of kidney function in a cohort of young individuals with type 1 diabetes. Furthermore, novel biomarkers of kidney disease remain an important unmet need. Given that DKD is by nature a heterogenous condition underpinned by metabolic derangements and alterations in mitochondrial bioenergetics, we also sought to explore the relationship between urinary mitochondrial DNA:nuclear DNA ratio (mtDNA:nDNA) and early changes in kidney function.