Implementation of VANETs Using Cellular IoT for a Reliable and Durable Communication Network for Safety Message Propagation.

Abstract: Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks (VANETs) are a subset of Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks (MANETs) designed to facilitate communication between vehicles, particularly for safety message dissemination. VANETs are established to enable safety messages between the cars. The IEEE 802.11p standard, Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments (WAVE), enables communication between vehicles. WAVE has a range limitation; to enable long-range communication, messages are propagated with multiple hops via the cars between the sender and receiver. Each car receives the messages and then passes them on to the next car. This imposes a delay in terms of transmission, propagation, processing and queueing, and transmission delay. To avoid multi-hop, we may need to use other communication technologies that have a long range. Cellular-IoT is one more promising technology that may be used for vehicular communication. LTE-M is one of the variants in Cellular IoT that can accommodate millions of devices and is capable of communicating long range up to 2 kilometers, and up to 10 kilometers in some situations. This study explores the use of Cellular IoT (LTE-M) as an alternative to WAVE for VANETs. LTE-M, which leverages unused bands of existing cellular networks, offers a broader range and reduced latency, potentially enhancing message delivery efficiency and reliability. Through simulations using OMNET++ with the VEINS framework, this paper compares the performance of WAVE and LTE-M in terms of message delivery ratio and delay, demonstrating the advantages of LTE-M in vehicular communication systems.