Socio-environmental Impacts of the Installation and Operation of Wind Farms in Brazil

ABSTRACTThe expansion of wind energy in Brazil has significantly contributed to the energy transition and the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. However, the installation and operation of wind farms entail considerable socioenvironmental impacts. This study aimed to analyze the socioenvironmental impacts arising from the installation and operation of wind farms in Brazil, seeking to understand the environmental and social consequences generated by this renewable energy source. The methodology adopted was an integrative literature review, enabling a comprehensive analysis of studies published between 2019 and 2024. Significant environmental impacts were identified, such as vegetation degradation, soil compaction, wildlife displacement, and landscape alterations, as well as social challenges faced by local communities, including land access restrictions, property damage, and frustrations with unfulfilled economic promises. The research concluded that the development of more inclusive public policies and effective mitigation strategies is essential to ensure a balance between energy growth and socioenvironmental preservation. The involvement of affected communities and transparency in implementation processes are deemed essential for a sustainable expansion of wind energy in Brazil.Keywords: Wind energy; Socioenvironmental impacts; Energy matrix; Sustainability; Public policies. country.