FLUID EXCHANGE CONDITION IN HYPERTENSION: A REVIEW OF PHYSIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS

Hypertension is a chronic condition characterized by elevated blood pressure, often accompanied by disturbances in fluid exchange mechanisms. This article explores the physiological processes involved in fluid regulation, focusing on capillary filtration, vascular permeability, and sodium balance. Dysfunctions in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) can lead to extracellular fluid accumulation, endothelial dysfunction, and impaired lymphatic drainage, contributing to edema and circulatory instability. Understanding these mechanisms is essential for effective hypertension management and therapeutic interventions. Current treatments targeting fluid balance, including diuretics and RAAS modulators, provide promising strategies for mitigating fluid-related complications. Further research is needed to refine precision medicine approaches for hypertension patients with altered fluid dynamics.