Understanding Global Interactions: A Review of International Relations Theories and Practices

Abstract International Relations (IR) is the interdisciplinary field that examines the interactions between sovereign states and other global actors. This article provides a thorough review of the foundational theories, key historical developments, current global challenges, and future trajectories of international relations. By integrating perspectives from political science, history, economics, and international law, this review aims to offer a well-rounded understanding of how international systems operate and evolve in an increasingly interconnected world.