Peltogyne lecointei Ducke, Arch. Jard. Bot.

14. Peltogyne lecointei Ducke, Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 3: 96. 1922. Holotype:— BRAZIL. Pará: Óbidos, June 1917, Le Cointe 16818 MG!016818, (Lectotype, designated by M. F. Silva (1976): MG!; Isolectotypes: BM, INPA!, K, P, RB!, U, US). Fig 19. Tree, 16–20 m tall, bark smooth, lenticellate, yellowish, branches striate, scaly, grayish, stipules early deciduous. Leaflets elliptic, falcate, 6–8 × 1.8–3 cm, base attenuate, apex acute, sometimes caudate, glabrous, wax absent on both surfaces, concolorous, petiole 9–10 mm long, petiolule 1–2 mm long, blade decurrent, pulvinus dilated, primary vein conspicuous abaxially, secondary veins conspicuous on both sides, glands absent. Inflorescence a panicle, subterminal, laxiflorous, rachis velutinous, (8–) 10–20 cm long, inserted in a non-aphyllous branch. Pedicel 4–7 mm long, bracteoles caducous, hypanthium present, 2–3 × 2 mm, obconic. Bud 5–7 × 8–10 mm, sepals subtriangular, outer side sericeous, inner side pubescent, margin glabrous, glands absent, petals linear, unguiculate, glabrous, glands present. Stamens of different sizes, antesepalous filaments 25–27 mm long, antepetalous filaments 20(–22) mm long. Stipe pubescent, 1–2 mm long. Ovary oblong, pubescent, 4(–5) mm long. Fruit a legume, indehiscent, obovate–oblong, without a protuberance, compressed, 3.4 × 1.8 cm, stipitate, nectary disc persistent, glabrous, but sparse trichomes, glands absent, veins present, winged. Phenology —Collected in flower from June to August and in fruit in December and January. Distribution and habitat— Peltogyne lecointei is found in non-flooded (Terra Firme) forests near the Tapajós River in the state of Pará, where it is common. It also occurs in dense forests in Rondônia and Mato Grosso (Fig 5). This species is restricted to the Amazon region. Taxonomic comments —This species has a peculiar fruit: the wing does not extend up to the apex of the fruit as in the other species of Peltogyne. The wood has a violet color when exposed to the sun. Ducke (1922) pointed out that P. lecointei resembles P. maranhensis in several respects, differing by the leaflet size and floral characteristics. Later, Ducke (1949) stated that P. maranhensis occurs in the northwest of Mato Grosso, in the Amazon region. The material analyzed (R 54574) has only fruits and they showed similarities with fruits of both species P. lecointei and P. maranhesis, and this may have caused a misidentification because in our analysis, we found that the specimen analyzed by Ducke is indeed P. lecointei, based on characteristics of the fruits. P. maranhensis is restricted to the Caatinga, has a terminal, densiflorous inflorescence and the fruits have a more elongated wing due to the persistent style. P. lecointei, in turn, has a subterminal, laxiflorous inflorescence and a winged fruit without a style. Etymology— lecointei, in honor of Paul Le Cointe, a French naturalist who collected the species in June 1917. Specimens examined — BRAZIL. Amapá: Mazagão, Área do Felipe 06, N. T. Silva 5532, (INPA!); Mato Grosso: Rio Novo, afluente do rio Jamary, afl. do Madeira, 12 June 1936, A. Ducke RB35097 (RB!); Pará: Rio Tapajós, Bela Vista, 22 June 1918, A. Ducke MG! 17049 (INPA!, MG!, R!, RB!); 14 April 1916, A. Ducke MG! 16016 (MG!); June 1917, P. LeCointe MG! 16818 (MG!, R); Mungubá, Estrada do Munguba Km 3. Mata de várzea, 25 August 1970, N. T. Silva 3295 (IAN!); Rio de Janeiro: Cultivado JBRJ, 29 October 1979, B. C. de Sousa RB256629 (RB!); 27 February 1984, Ismael RB 228458 (RB!); January 2017, J. R. Mattos 506 (RB!); 21 November 1984, R. M. 192714 (RB!, UEC); 21 January 1990, V. F. Gonçalves 63 (RB!). Digital images — BRAZIL. Rondônia: Rio Jamari afluente do Rio Madeira, 12 June 1936, A. Ducke 225 (MO, NY). Vernacular names —Pau-roxo, Pau-Roxo-de-Terra-firme.