Building IoT and AI Solutions to Advance Sustainable Development Goals in the Agriculture Sector

Abstract: Agriculture is facing significant challenges due to population growth, climate change, and resource scarcity. The advanced technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) like drones are revolutionizing agriculture through smart farming practices and modernizing the agricultural practices for the betterment of a sustainable world. This paper aims to demonstrate how these advanced technologies help in agricultural practices that can lead to productive farming. The key findings from the study reveal that AI, sensors, robotics, UAVs, and smart irrigation systems significantly enhance farming efficiency and productivity. The Smart Decision Support Systems (SDSS) is beneficial in analysing real-time soil based data and data driven decision-making, which is especially important in developing countries like India. The main characters of Smart Sustainable Agriculture (SSA) sector are talking on food-security challenges, ensuring sustainability, and optimizing agricultural operations is crucial for the ever growing population. Additionally, challenges and future visions of these technologies in agriculture are examined with respect to the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The second Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) that is zero hunger can be fulfilled only when the produce from the farms is more and the resources are conserved. Keywords: IoT, Agriculture, SDG, AI JEL Classification Number: Q01, Q16