The Role of Regional Diplomacy in Mitigating Cross-Border Terrorism: A Data Study of the Lake Chad Basin

Abstract: This study examines the role of regional diplomacy in mitigating cross-border terrorism within the Lake Chad Basin, focusing on the diplomatic engagements undertaken by countries in the region and their effectiveness in addressing terrorism challenges. Guided by three research questions and the Regional Security Complex Theory (RSCT), the study adopts a mixed-method research design to analyze both qualitative and quantitative data. Secondary data were sourced from official documents, academic studies, and reports from regional and international organizations. The data gathered were analyzed using descriptive and content analysis. Findings reveal that the Lake Chad Basin countries have made significant regional diplomatic efforts, particularly through the Lake Chad Basin Commission (LCBC) and the Multinational Joint Task Force (MNJTF). These initiatives, contributed to improved coordination, joint military efforts, and intelligence-sharing among Nigeria, Chad, and Niger. However, despite these efforts, the study identifies challenges such as inconsistent commitment from member states, inadequate funding, and fragmented planning, which have hindered the full success of the MNJTF, thus allowing groups like Boko Haram and ISWAP to maintain operational capacity. Additionally, while regional diplomatic engagements had a moderate positive impact on reducing violence and fostering stability, the study finds that underlying socio-economic issues such as poverty, weak governance, and corruption continue to complicate the fight against terrorism. The study, therefore, recommends the expansion of subnational diplomatic platforms, like the Lake Chad Governors’ Forum, to strengthen local engagement and address the root causes of cross-border terrorism more effectively.