Parenting Perspectives on Autism: A Comparative Study of Experiences in Nigeria and the United States

Study Description: This study investigates the experiences of parents with children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in Nigeria and the United States, concentrating on societal acceptance, systemic influences, and specialized caregiving approaches. Families with Children with autism encounter distinct challenges, such as accessing resources and dealing with societal perceptions. While there is a wealth of research in high-income nations like US, the experiences of parents in low- and middle-income countries, such as Nigeria, have received scant attention. Study Rationale: The study seeks to fill a gap in understanding how parents in varying sociocultural and economic environments handle the responsibilities of caring for children with ASD. In the US, parents typically have access to formal support networks and legal protections, yet they still experience emotional and financial pressures. In contrast, Nigerian parents face cultural misunderstandings, social stigma, and limited resource availability, which significantly impact their caregiving. Theoretical Framework: The research utilizes an ecological systems framework, which highlights the interplay of individual, family, and societal factors in shaping caregiving experiences. Additionally, resilience theory supports the analysis, focusing on how families navigate challenges through coping strategies and support systems. Methodology: A snowball sampling technique was employed, and structured interviews were carried out with parents with children living with autism in Nigeria and the US. Data collection centered on parental understanding of autism, cultural viewpoints, access to diagnosis and interventions, and societal stigma. Given the sensitive nature of the subject, structured questionnaires were designed to fit the busy schedules of participants. Findings: Parents in the US gain from structured support networks but encounter emotional and financial challenges. Nigerian parents deal with cultural misunderstandings, social stigma, and scarce resources, which add to the difficulties of caregiving. The study underscores the necessity for tailored interventions, stressing the importance of autism awareness initiatives in Nigeria, fair access to support services, and international cooperation to enhance care for children with autism and their families.