Challenges of Using Artificial Intelligence (AI) In English Productive Skills Learning: A Thematic Analysis of The Student Experience

Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) technology have made significant contributions to English language learning, particularly in productive skills such as speaking and writing. However, the application of AI in this field still faces various challenges. This research aims to explore the main barriers students experience in using AI to improve their productive skills. Using a qualitative approach with a thematic analysis method, this study collected data through in-depth interviews with 10 students who actively use AI in English language learning. The results of the study revealed four main challenges, namely (1) the limitations of AI in providing contextual feedback, (2) the lack of social interaction and responsiveness of AI, (3) students' dependence on AI which can reduce creativity and critical thinking, and (4) the problem of accuracy and bias in AI recommendations. These findings are supported by various previous studies that highlight the limitations of AI in understanding the meaning and context of communication more broadly. Therefore, the use of AI in language learning needs to be balanced with human interaction in order to optimally improve productive skills. This study recommends an integrative strategy that combines AI with a more interactive pedagogical approach to effectively support students' language development.