Clinical and angiographic characterization of patients treated with myocardial revascularization surgery

Introduction: Coronary artery disease, especially due to atherosclerosis, can be treated with myocardial revascularization surgery (MRS) to improve blood flow to the heart muscle. Objective: To characterize the clinical and angiographic aspects of patients treated with myocardial revascularization surgery. Methods: A descriptive observational study was conducted at the Ernesto Guevara Cardiocentro Provincial University Hospital. The population consisted of 781 patients treated with MRS from January 2008 to December 2018 and a sample of 650 selected patients by criteria was studied. Data were obtained from the hospital registry of preoperative coronary angiography and from documentary analysis of medical records and analyzed using the R programming language (RStudio). Results: The majority of patients were male (85.5%). The mean age was 59.1 years ± 7.92. The most common risk factors for coronary artery disease were a history of high blood pressure (73.7%) and smoking (43.8%). The affected coronary arteries, in order of frequency, were the left anterior descending artery (91.7%), the right coronary artery (77.8%), the circumflex artery (75.7%), and the left main coronary artery (40.5%). Conclusions: the more representative patients were male, age younger than 60 years, a history of high blood pressure and smoking habit. The most frequently affected coronary artery was the left anterior descending artery. The most commonly used blood conduit was the left internal mammary artery. Key Words: myocardial revascularization; instrumentation; methods; coronary angiography; coronary vessels