BILL 5174/2019 AND LEGISLATIVE CONFLICTS FOR CHANGING THE NATIONAL SYSTEM OF NATURE CONSERVATION UNITS

This article analyzes the legislative process of Bill 5174/2019, which proposes amendments to Law No. 9.985/2000, focusing on conflicts of interest among groups represented by parliamentary fronts. The objective is to identify the factors that explain the bill’s approval in the Senate and its shelving in the Chamber of Deputies, considering the opposition from the Parliamentary Front for Agriculture (FPA). The research adopts a qualitative approach with a deductive method, structured as a case study and using process tracing as the main method. Various documentary sources were examined, based on three explanatory factors: institutional structure, issue characteristics, and group organization. The results indicate that the bill’s success in the Senate was driven by institutional support and the absence of coordinated opposition, while its shelving in the Chamber resulted from the FPA’s opposition and rejection in committee. It is concluded that differences in strategies and in the mobilization of interest groups in each legislative chamber were decisive for the opposing outcomes.