Counterterrorism in the Digital Era: Strengthening Indonesian Policies on Addressing the Lone-Wolf Threat and Online Radicalization

The advancement of information technology has given rise to contemporary terrorism threats, such as the lone-wolf phenomenon and online radicalization. These threats are decentralized and challenging to detect, posing a significant security challenge for Indonesia. This study aims to analyze Indonesia's counterterrorism policy in addressing these issues by employing qualitative approaches and case study methods. It discusses Indonesia's strategies by referencing practices from the United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia. The findings reveal that although Indonesia has made progress in legal and institutional frameworks, it still faces major challenges in managing digital information and coordinating between agencies. Unlike other countries that adopt a holistic preventive approach, Indonesia needs to enhance its prevention strategies through community engagement and the utilization of technology for early detection. This research recommends strengthening digital intelligence capabilities, expanding international cooperation, and developing more effective communication strategies to bolster national resilience against terrorism in the digital age.