The synergistic role of combined Guided Bone Regeneration (GBR) and secretome in facilitating the reparative mechanisms of bone defect healing

Background: Bone defects are the main cause of aesthetic and functional impairments that negatively impact patient’s quality of life. Guided Bone Regeneration (GBR) is a bone grafting procedure that utilizes a covering membrane to block soft tissue invasion. In bone healing, Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) stimulate endogenous cells to increase by releasing various growth factors and cytokines, collectively known as the secretome. The secretome consists of bioactive factors produced by MSCs during the culture process. The combination of GBR with the secretome is expected to function not only as a biomaterial for bone defect healing but also as a growth factor that accelerates stem cell differentiation. Objectives: This study aims to explore the benefits of combining GBR with the secretome for bone defect healing based on findings from previous research, providing a foundation for further studies in the future. Methods and Result: This research was carried out by searching for several kind of literature relevant to the topic discussed as references. This type of research is a literature review design. After doing some research, GBR combined with secretome has been proven to have benefits in the bone regeneration process in both in vitro and in vivo studies. Research shows that secretome effectively supports bioactivity in bone regeneration. There are studies in which secretome combined with biomaterials has been identified to produce hundreds of proteins. The secretome was found to contain factors related to angiogenesis and osteogenesis, contributing to enhanced bone healing. Conclusion: This study reveals that the combination of GBR with secretome has been shown to effectively support bone regeneration, as demonstrated in both in vitro and in vivo studies.