Evaluation Of the Effect of Kaempferol on Letrozole Induced Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in Female Wistar Rats

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine as well as metabolic disorder in which ovaries produce an excessive amount of androgens (hyperandrogenism). It mainly affects women of reproductive age. Kaempferol belongs to the category of flavonoids and in this study, we evaluated the efficacy of kaempferol in PCOS condition. The animals were divided into 5 groups with each group containing 6 animals each. Letrozole, an aromatase inhibitor was used for PCOS induction. After disease induction the animals were divided into 4 groups that is disease control, metformin, kaempferol (80 and 200 mg/kg). Weekly body weight estimation was carried out. Blood glucose was estimated on the 0th, 21st, and 34th day of study. Animals were sacrificed on the terminal day and their ovaries were isolated and preserved for further histopathological studies. H&E staining confirmed the presence of cystic follicles and degraded ovarian tissues. Treatment normalised the disrupted histological features. Serum hormonal parameters such as estrogen, luteinizing hormone, and follicle-stimulating hormone were estimated. Lipid parameters (LDL-C, HDL-C, serum total cholesterol) were also checked. MTT assay was carried out in order to check the cytotoxicity of kaempferol on ovarian cell line (SKOV3 cell line). DPPH scavenging assay was carried out to find out the antioxidant potential of kaempferol. The percentage inhibition was calculated from the superoxide dismutase assay.