The role of DNA evidence in criminal trials

Abstract DNA evidence has become a cornerstone in modern criminal justice systems, offering an unparalleled level of accuracy in identifying suspects and exonerating the innocent. This paper explores the evolution, application, and impact of DNA evidence in criminal trials. It examines how DNA profiling has transformed investigative procedures, improved conviction rates, and addressed wrongful convictions. The reliability, admissibility, and ethical concerns surrounding DNA evidence are analysed through key legal precedents and scientific advancements. Additionally, the paper discusses the challenges related to contamination, privacy, and the interpretation of complex genetic data in the courtroom. As forensic science continues to evolve, DNA evidence remains a powerful yet nuanced tool that requires careful application to ensure justice is served. This study underscores the need for standardized practices, ongoing training for legal professionals, and public awareness to fully harness the potential of DNA in the pursuit of justice.