Perenniporia brasiliensis C. R. S. de Lira, A. M. S. Soares, Ryvarden & Gibertoni

6. Perenniporia brasiliensis C.R.S. de Lira, A.M.S. Soares, Ryvarden & Gibertoni, in Crous et al., Persoonia 38: 355 (2017). Figs. 8 a-c; 9g Basidiomata resupinate, seasonal to perennial, adnate to effused, coriaceous to woody, white to cream, often with orange-brown macules, difficult to separate from the substrate, often formed by fusion of smaller basidiomata, 1–6.5 × 1–5.5 cm, up to 5 mm thick. Margin sterile, thick, black to reddish-brown, glabrous, crustose, slightly zonated. Subiculum cream, less than 1 mm thick. Tubes unistratified to pluriestratified, 1–4 mm deep, eventually filled with white mycelium. Hymenial surface poroid. Pores invisible to the naked eye, round, 9–10(–11) per mm. Dissepiments slightly to moderately thick, slightly granulous, entire to slightly dentate. Hyphal system dimitic. Generative hyphae rare, with unilateral clamps, hyaline, thin- to thick-walled, 2 μm diam. Skeletal hyphae dominant, arachnoid, slightly to moderately dextrinoid, strongly dextrinoid in mass, densely branched, very tortuous, aseptate to occasionally septate, sometimes with refringent content, 1–2.5 μm diam. in lateral branches, 2–3 μm diam. in axial branches. Crystals occasional to frequent, hyaline, diamond-shaped, tiny to large. Cystidia absent. Basidia not found. Basidioles widely clavate, thin-walled, hyaline. Basidiospores frequent to abundant, subglobose to widely ellipsoid, apex truncate, thick-walled, slightly to strongly dextrinoid, hyaline, 3–4.2(–4.6) × 3–3.7(–4) μm, Lm × Wm = 3.8 × 3.3 μm; Q = 1–1.3(–1.5), Qm = 1.2 (n = 86/3). Material examined: Juquitiba, São Paulo Green Belt Biosphere Reserve, Chama Violeta, 14.VI.2022, F.Pagin et al.FP 546, SP 528874; F.Pagin et al. FP 552, SP 528879; Trilha da Jaguatirica, 24.XI.2022, F.Pagin et al.FP 594, SP 528920. Xylophagous on angiosperm wood, the species causes white rot. The species was found in Brazil and Cameroon (Crous et al. 2017). Previously recorded from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest in the states of Bahia, Ceará, and Pernambuco (Crous et al. 2017); Amazon, from the state of Amapá (Crous et al. 2017). This is the first record from the Southeast of Brazil. The type locality of Perenniporia brasiliensis is Porto Grande, Amapá, Brazil (Crous et al. 2017). Perenniporia brasiliensis can be recognized in the field by its resupinate, white to cream, with orange-brown macules, coriaceous basidiomata, besides its pores which are hardly seen to the naked eye. In addition, other diagnostic features are its dimitic hyphal system composed by clamped generative hyphae and of dextrinoid skeletal hyphae plus the small subglobose to globose basidiospores are diagnostic. Crystals in the trama were observed for the first time in this species, although they have been reported in morphologically similar species that differ by their larger basidiospores. In Perenniporia guyanensis Decock & Ryvarden, the basidiospores measure 5.0–5.5(–6.0) μm in diameter, while in Perenniporia paraguyanensis Lira & Gibertoni, they measure 4.5–5.2 μm (Ryvarden 2016; Crous et al. 2017). Perenniporia brasiliensis is unique, presenting the smallest basidiospores in the genus.