Anthropological renaissance: the development of the science of man in contemporary philosophy

Oxana I. Elkhova’s article "Anthropological Renaissance: The Development of the Science of Man in Contemporary Philosophy" explores the resurgence of philosophical anthropology and its expanding interdisciplinary influence. The study highlights the historical evolution of anthropological thought, tracing its roots to M. Scheler’s integral science of man and its contemporary transformation. The author argues that the current “anthropological renaissance” extends beyond traditional philosophical, cultural, and religious anthropology, encompassing fields such as social, political, economic, and legal anthropology. The paper examines the dual approach to philosophical anthropology—its independence as a metaphysical discipline and its integration with empirical sciences. It emphasizes that while empirical sciences contribute to the study of human nature, philosophical anthropology retains its methodological autonomy, offering a universal conceptual framework. The article concludes that the growing interest in human nature in contemporary thought reflects an urgent need to address existential and societal challenges in an era of uncertainty and complexity.