Comprehensive management of cardiopulmonary and renal insufficiency: the joint role of cardiologist, nephrologist and neurologist

Modern medicine is increasingly confronted with multiorgan disorders, where cardiopulmonary and renal insufficiency are the main components of the pathological process. These conditions are characterized by a close relationship between organs, which leads to the formation of the so-called "cardio-renal" or "cardiopulmonary-renal" syndrome. In such cases, it is important to ensure an integrated approach to treatment, including the interaction of specialists from different profiles: cardiologist, nephrologist and neurologist. As part of comprehensive patient management, it is necessary to take into account the cross–effects of diseases (for example, congestive heart failure can cause renal hypoperfusion, and chronic renal failure can increase cardiac dysfunction). Modern treatment protocols include the use of combined strategies, including optimization of diuretic therapy, control of creatinine and electrolyte levels, the use of ACE inhibitors/angiotensin II receptor blockers, as well as correction of hyperphosphatemia and anemia in patients with renal insufficiency. Special attention is paid to monitoring pulmonary function, since respiratory failure is often a consequence of cardiac or renal pathology. It is also important to assess the risk of neurological complications such as stroke or vascular dementia, especially in patients with a long-term course of the disease. Thus, successful management of patients with cardiopulmonary and renal insufficiency requires close cooperation between a cardiologist, a nephrologist and a neurologist aimed at individualizing treatment, minimizing side effects and improving the quality of life of patients.