Physical Therapy exercises to reduce fall at home: Literature review

ABSTRACT Background: Falls are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in elderly individuals. With growing age there is a decline in physical function, including decreased mobility, strength and balance. Physical Therapy plays a vital role in preventing falls using education and exercises. The best exercises to prevent falls are yet to be determined. Objective: This article reviews the risk of falls at home among the elderly population and discussed various physical therapy (PT) interventions for fall prevention. Methods: A literature review was performed using keywords like falls, physical therapy exercises and home exercises on databases like PubMed, Google scholar, physical therapy journal and bmj open. Result: It discusses various physical therapy (PT) interventions, such as strength, balance, and gait training. The author highlights all the interventions in detail, along with their limitations and corresponding modifications. Conclusion: Finally, it concludes that a thorough assessment and individualized PT program consisting of all the discussed interventions is the most effective form of treatment. Keywords: Falls, exercises, physical therapy, otago.