Okra Seed and Capsaicin in Light of Phytobiotic Approaches: Current Studies in Medicine and Dentistry

The therapeutic potential of natural biological agents has become more evident in modern medicine and dentistry with increasing scientific studies in recent years. In this review study, the pharmacological properties, biological effects and clinical applications of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) seed extract, which is a phytotherapeutic agent, and capsaicin compound obtained from hot pepper were discussed. Okra seeds; Thanks to the phenolic compounds, flavonoids and polysaccharides it contains, it supports regeneration in oral tissues and contributes to the reduction of oxidative stress. At the same time, its anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, hypoglycaemic properties have made it stand out as a promising natural agent in wound healing, glycaemic control and treatment of oral mucosal lesions. Capsaicin shows analgesic effect by affecting nerve conduction pathways via TRPV1 (Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 1) receptors. Studies have shown that capsaicin is effective in pulpal pain management and chronic orofacial pain. Both okra seeds and capsaicin show potential for use as antineoplastic agents in various malignancies, especially oral carcinomas, due to their effects on cell proliferation, apoptosis and angiogenesis. This review aims to present the interactions of these two natural compounds with oral biological systems, their contributions in medical and dental treatment processes, and their possible therapeutic roles, especially from the perspective of modern dentistry, in the light of current scientific data.