Formulation And Evaluation of Tablets Containing Fennel and Ginger for The Treatment of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

Background: For the purpose of treating gastroesophageal reflux disease, tablets containing powdered ginger and fennel were formulated using Effervescent agent/gas producing agent. Tablets enhance medication bioavailability and enable local drug distribution to the stomach when formulated using effervescent agent which prolongs their gastric residence duration. Methods: Using the direct compression method, tablets containing HPMC E50 and HPMC K4M, talc, magnesium stearate, powdered fennel and ginger, and sodium bicarbonate (gas producing agent) were prepared. Physical characteristics such as thickness, hardness, friability, weight uniformity, buoyancy time, and disintegration test were assessed for the formulations. Results: All formulations had thicknesses between 3.0-3.15 mm and bulk and tap densities of 0.575-0.590 and 0.650-0.680, respectively. The range of hardness was 3.5 to 4.0 kg/cm². Every formulation met the USP standards for weight uniformity and friability. All tablet formulations with effervescent agent had disintegration time in range of seven minutes and all tablet formulations without effervescent agent had disintegration time in range of three-to-five minutes during the investigation. Conclusion: A tablet containing powdered fennel and ginger has shown promising results in treating GERD symptoms. These natural substances, known for their anti-inflammatory, anti-spasmodic, and digestive properties, are effective, stable, and bioavailable in reducing heartburn and acid reflux. The combination may offer a safer alternative to conventional prescription treatments, but further clinical trials and research are needed.