Argentoleon irrigatus

Argentoleon irrigatus (Gerstaecker) Formicaleo irrigatus Gerstaecker, 1894: 133 (OD); Penny, 1977: 40 (cit, cat); Stange, 2010: 6 (cit); Heckman, 2017: 253 (cit). Austroleon irrigatus (Gerstaecker), Navás, 1932: 55 (ncb); Navás, 1935: 362 (cit). Moza irrigata (Gerstaecker), Banks, 1943: 165 (ncb); Penny, 1977: 40 (cat, cit); Heckman, 2017: 253 (cit). Brachynemurus irrigatus (Gerstaecker), Penny, 1977: 40 (ncb, cat); DeMarmels & Gaiani, 2003: 407 (cat); Heckman, 2017: 253 (cit). Myrmeleon irrigatus (Gerstaecker), Stange, 1994: 81 (cit) Stange, 2004: 229 (cit). Argentoleon irrigatus (Gerstaecker), Stange, 1994: 81 (ncb); Stange, 2004: 229 (cat); Stange, 2010: 6 (rd, im); Silva et al., 2015 (cit, ill); Petko et al., 2016: 1 (cit); Heckman, 2017: 252 (key); Machado et al., 2019: 424 (tree); Schuster & Machado, 2021: 998 (cat); Machado & Martins, 2023: 4 (cit); Tavares et al., 2023: 510, 548 (tree, cit); Machado, 2023: 140 (cat). Brachynemurus meridionalis Banks, 1909: 2 (OD); Stange, 1967: 52 (cat); Penny, 1977: 41 (cat); Stange, 2004: 229 (syn, cat); Stange, 2010: 6 (cat); Heckman, 2017: 253 (cit). Brachynemurus argentinus Banks, 1910: 146 (OD); Stange, 1961: 675 (cit); Stange, 1967: 52 (syn, cat); Penny, 1977: 41 (cat); Stange, 2004: 229 (cat); Stange, 2010: 6 (cit); Heckman, 2017: 253 (cit). Austroleon argentinus (Banks), Navás, 1917: 193 (ncb); Navás, 1919: 193 (cit); Stange, 1967: 52 (syn, cat); Penny, 1977: 41 (cat). Clathroneuria amazonica Navás, 1914: 215 (OD); Esben-Petersen, 1920: 193 (syn); Stange, 1967: 53 (cat); Stange, 2004: 229 (cat); Stange, 2010: 6 (cit); Heckman, 2017: 253 (cit); Monserrat, 2021: 202 (cit). Austroleon alienus Navás, 1915: 9 (OD); Navás, 1919 a: 293 (cit); Navás, 1920a: 57 (cit); Navás, 1920b: 47 (cit); Navás, 1922: 183; Navás, 1923: 771 (cit); Navás, 1926: 106 (cit); Navás, 1928a: 33 (cit); Navás, 1928b: 140 (cit); Navás, 1929: 141 (cit); Navás, 1930: 127 (cit); Navás, 1935: 362 (syn, cit); Stange, 1967: 53 (syn, cat); Penny, 1977: 41 (cat); Stange, 2004: 229 (cat); Stange, 2010: 6 (cit); Heckman, 2017: 253 (cit); Monserrat, 2021: 199 (cit). Austroleon clavatus Navás, 1915: 126 (OD); Stange, 1967: 53 (syn, cat); Penny, 1977: 41 (cat); Stange, 2004: 229 (cat); Stange, 2010: 6 (cit); Heckman, 2017: 253 (cit); Monserrat, 2021: 199 (cit). Austroleon antennatus Navás, 1919: 295 (OD); Stange, 1967: 53 (syn, cat); Penny, 1977: 41 (cat); Stange, 2004: 229 (cat); Stange, 2010: 6 (cit); Heckman, 2017: 253 (cit); Monserrat, 2021: 199 (cit). Austroleon sectorius Navás, 1920a: 58 (OD); Stange, 1967: 53 (syn, cat); Penny, 1977: 41 (cat); Stange, 2004: 229 (cat); Stange, 2010: 6 (cit); Heckman, 2017: 253 (cit); Monserrat, 2021: 200 (cit). Austroleon latipennis Banks, 1922: 60 (OD); Penny, 1977: 40 (cat); Stange, 2004: 229 (syn, cat); Stange, 2010: 6 (cit); Heckman, 2017: 253 (cit). Brachynemurus latipennis (Banks); Penny, 1977: 40 (ncb). Austroleon graphonotus Navás, 1934: 13 (OD, ill); Stange, 1967: 53 (syn, cat); Penny, 1977: 41 (cat); Monserrat, 1985: 241 (cit); Stange, 2004: 229 (cat); Stange, 2010: 6 (cit); Heckman, 2017: 253 (cit); Monserrat, 2021: 199 (cit). Redescription. ADULT: Size AW 18.7–29.6 mm, BL 22.8–38.4 mm. Head: (Fig. 1B) Labrum yellow; set with a line of elongated light setae on the ventral margin. Clypeus pale; with a few elongated and a few short black setae. Frons pale with bimarginated interantennal marks dark brown to black reaching until the dorsal third, and a dark brown longitudinal medial mark, continuous or discontinuous (tree small irregular spots); set with a few short black setae. Gena pale, lighter than frons. Ocular rim setae absent. Antennae clavate; about 3 times the pronotum length; interantennal area about the same size of scape width. Vertex lightly raised set with decumbent black setae at the apex and in the central portion of medial row; mostly brown except for a pale mark between medial and posterior rows; anterior row as a transversal black line, medial row as an irregular light to dark brown line, posterior row with two submedial light brown, small, roundish marks, sometimes fused in a single mark. Antennae with nearly 30 flagellomeres; scape and pedicel light to dark brown, each with a submedial and a distal and transversal row of short black setae; basal flagellomere about twice as long as the other ones that are about as long as wide, except by the ones at the clave, much wider than long; flagellum dark brown except by the lighter flagellomeres at the base of the clave. Mandible orange to brown with internal margin black. Labium with long black setae in the submentum and scattered white short setae in the mentum and submentum. Maxillary and labial palpi mostly yellow, with the distal palpomere darker and slightly lighter at joints; with a few very short white setae in the first two palpomeres of the maxillary palpi and black short setae in the entire labial palpi. Distal labial palpomere fusiform with blunt end. Palpimacula oblong and medially located. Thorax: (Fig. 1C) Pronotum about as long as wide; posterior margin slightly wider than anterior; subapical furrow weakly marked; mostly pale with dark brown lateral margins, one light to dark brown submedial longitudinal band often interrupted by one or two pale medial marks; set with a pair of long white setae curved anteriorly in the lateral margins, few elongated black setae on the posterior margin, and several short black and white setae throughout the tergum. Mesonotum dark brown and pale; with two small pale spots in the prescutum, set with few erect black setae; scutum with a large pale mark encompassing a longitudinal dark brown line on each side and a small pale mark near the lateral margins, set with short black setae and erect black and white setae; scutellum with the medial area and lateral margins pale, set with short black setae and a row of long white setae in the posterior margin. Metanotum similar in color to mesonotum, except for the prescutum, mostly pale with two brown marks; with exclusively white setae, erect setae absent, metascutum with a row of setae pointing posteriorly, near metascutellum anterior margin; metascutellum with 1–2 setae in the lateroposterior margin. Pterothoracic pleura mostly dark brown, with some pale marks mostly at the sutures between the sclerites, pale areas in the metathorax generally larger; set with short white setae. Miller’s organ absent. Legs: (Fig. 1A) prothoracic leg femur and tarsus (without claw) about the same length and tibia slightly shorter, mesoleg femur longer than tarsus, both longer than tibia, metaleg femur as long as tibia, both longer than tarsus. Tarsomeres length: T2, T3 and T4 about the same length, T1 slightly longer than T2, T5 slightly longer than the basal four tarsomeres together; T1 slightly longer in the metathoracic leg. Pretarsal claws slightly longer than half of T5 length. Coxa and trochanter pale, except for procoxa with two brown marks in the lateral face, and one or two brown marks on the dorsal margin of the meso and metacoxa. Femora mostly pale with the dorsal surface of the profemur occasionally brown, dorsal surface of mesofemur also brown but lighter than profemur; femora with brown dots at the base of the setae. Tibia pale with brown dots at the base of the setae; protibia slightly darker than the others. Tarsomeres pale at the base and brown at the apex. All segments covered in short black setae (occasionally white in the trochanter), coxa with three elongated white bristles, femur and tibia with elongated black bristles mostly in the closing face, with a bristle dorsally and one laterally, both subapical. Pro and meso femoral sense hair longer than the femur length. Tibial spurs long, reaching T3. Wings: (Fig. 2) Mesothoracic wing: elongated, broadening on the apical half, then narrowing to a pointed tip in the apical quarter. Anterior Banksian line present, posterior poorly developed. Membrane hyaline, with many brown marks at the forks and crossveins origins; veins brown and white dashed; pterostigma white to pale, but weakly marked; veins and margins with short black setae; often with a brown spot on the rhegma. RP origin at the basal quarter of the wing, CuA fork between RP origin and RP first branch; RP with 11 to 12 forks; 2 to 4 presectoral crossveins; Costal area similar in size to presectoral area with costal area veinlets mostly simple but forked at the apical third; prefork area wider than posterior area at CuA fork level. CuP origin distant from basal crossvein, near the level of the first crossvein between A1 and A2. A2 connected to A3 by crossvein. Metathoracic wing: Similar in size and shape to mesothoracic wing but narrower. Male pillula axilaris present, membrane hyaline, pterostigma white to pale, veins dashed; anterior banksian line poorly developed, posterior Banksian line absent; set with black setae. MP fork located beyond RP origin; costal area subcostal veinlets mostly simple, but forked at the apical quarter; RP with 8 to 13 forks; 2 or 3 presectoral crossveins; CuPA1 extending to the apical half of the wing. Abdomen: (Fig. 2) variable in color, but generally sternites brown to black, except for the sternite I pale with two submedial light brown to brown marks, forming a line or triangles in the center, sternite II with a pale medial line; all covered with white and/or black elongated and short setae. Tergites pale to brown, lighter than sternites; posterior tergites darker colored; covered with black setae; tergites I and II with a medial mark darker than the surrounding area that can extend as a medial darker line in the remaining tergites. Abdomen length, as long as or slightly shorter than wings in females, but longer than wings in males. Male Terminalia: (Fig. 3E) Ectoproct: thin; yellow to brown, lighter colored than the rest of the abdomen; set with elongated black setae; postventral lobe elongated, forcipate, about 3 times longer than the 8 th sclerites, with thicker setae