Increasing Economic Value of Organic Farming and Biodiversity Conservation

Abstract The economy of India depends on agriculture. Around 68 per cent of India's population depends on agriculture for their livelihood. Since ancient times, the land has been fulfilling the basic needs of humans. The soil contains countless organisms and bacteria, and the land is naturally rich in biodiversity. All these organisms and bacteria are important for the maintenance of rich soil. The soil itself produces the elements required for plants and makes them available to them. Various plants can provide humans with all types of elements they need. However, following the Green Revolution, the excessive use of chemical fertilisers to increase food grain production led to land pollution. Humans neglected soil health and increased the use of dangerous chemical substances. The accumulation of toxic substances has become harmful to living beings. Toxic substances have started entering the human body through food. Human health is now at risk due to the loss of biodiversity. Farmers have proven their worth through the use of vermiculite, cow dung, organic fertilisers, and pesticides. Organic farming takes place near nature. Planting multiple crops at the same time in the same plot and harvesting them at different times increases profits. Natural cover crops and biennial crops are being planned. We are creating a suitable environment in the soil for the growth of microorganisms and bacteria. The remains of plants and crops are being mixed back into the soil. Weeds/pests are being controlled naturally. The use of bacterial fertilisers, green manures, vermicomposts, and compost fertilisers is increasing. There will be fewer health issues with eating organic food as more organic food grains are produced. Furthermore, organic grains, fruits, and vegetables will have a favourable market price. Organic farming will therefore become more and more significant in the future.