Pempheris familia Koeda & Motomura 2017

Pempheris familia Koeda & Motomura, 2017 Figs 4, 5, Suppl. material 2 Standard Japanese name: Bonin-hatampo Pempheris familia Koeda & Motomura, 2017 a: figs 1–3 (type locality: off Ototo-jima Island, Ogasawara Islands, Japan); Koeda 2018 b: 299, unnumbered fig. Pempheris japonica (not Döderlein, 1883): Toyama 1937: 36; Kurata et al. 1971: 25; Zama and Fujita 1977: 102; Randall et al. 1997: 35; Hatooka and Yagishita 2013: 983 (in part); Koeda 2017 a: 6, fig. 1 (lower fig.). Diagnosis. Counts of holotype and paratype are given in Table 1 of Koeda and Motomura (2017 a). Dorsal-fin rays VI, 9–10; anal-fin rays III, 35–36; pectoral-fin rays 17; pored lateral-line scales 84–88; scale rows above lateral line 14–15; scale rows below lateral line 28–30; predorsal scales 50–55; circumpeduncular scales 26; gill rakers 12–13 + 22 – 26 = 34–39; head length 28.8–30.1 % SL; body depth 42.9–43.7 % SL; eye diameter 46.8–47.6 % HL; upper jaw length 50.0–56.3 % HL; maximum 153 mm SL; scales strongly ctenoid, adherent, divided into basal and distal halves (Koeda et al. 2013 a: fig. 2 b); body copper; distinct blackish blotch on pectoral-fin base; tip of dorsal and anal fins broadly black, and rest brown; narrow band of villiform teeth in jaws; abdomen cross-sectional outline U-shaped. Distribution. Endemic to the Ogasawara Islands (Fig. 5). Remarks. Pempheris familia is a second species of the species group that is characterized by strongly ctenoid, adherent body scales with distinct basal and distal portions (see Koeda et al. 2013 a: fig. 2 b) in the Northern Hemisphere shared only with P. japonica (Koeda et al. 2012 a, 2013 a; Koeda and Motomura 2017 a). The remaining six species of this group are endemic to Australia, New Zealand, or French Polynesia (Mooi and Jubb 1996; Mooi 1998, 2000). Although P. familia shares most morphological characteristics with P. japonica, the former can be clearly distinguished from the latter in scale counts and the distinct black blotch on pectoral-fin base (Koeda and Motomura 2017 a).