Формування мовної та концептуальної картин світу у парагвайському суспільсві. Родинний та історико-лінгвістичний аспект

The report is devoted to one of the most interesting problems of Paraguayan society – the language situation. We claim that Paraguay's language situation is defined as deep bilingualism with elements of diglosia. From a psychological point of view, Spanish and Guarani are absolutely equal, but each of them is used in a certain situation: “The people learn and think in Castellano, but love and hate in Guarani” (Benitez). Following Jover Peralta-Osuna, it is argued that Spanish is a gateway to international communication, while Guarani is nature itself, the depth of the word, and real poetry. Castellano is history, the language that laid the code of modern life. And Guarani is the song of the golden age of humanity, the lost paradise. The question is raised as to why the language of the indigenous Guarani population, the only one of all the Indian languages of the continent, has not disappeared and has not acquired the status of a national language. The role of the family and, first of all, women in preserving and developing the Guarani language and culture is emphasized. Jesuit priests played a significant role in Guarani's propaganda. The topic of the interaction of the Spanish language and Guarani and, consequently, the formation of the “third language” of Paraguay - Yopará is touched upon. The pattern of this phenomenon is traced to the enrichment or contamination of languages in this process.