Real-Time IoT-Based Landslide Detection and Early Warning System Using Fuzzy Logic and LoRa Communication

The goal of this paper is to describe an Internet of Things solution for landslide detection and alerting using the ESP32 microcontrollers, LoRa communication technology, and an Android application. The system adjusts the monitoring of environmental conditions such as soil moisture, ground shaking, pressure, and tilt angle. The intensity of rain, which is defined as the intensity of rainfall over a short duration, is also calculated because heavy and quick downpours are a major cause of landslides. The information is processed using fuzzy set theory to issue a real time warning through a web server and mobile application and evaluate the possibility of landslide occurrences. This work illustrates the cost-effective approach possible with real-time solutions in landslide risk management.