D2.2 & D2.3 – Report on survey results and theoretical framework

This report explores intersectional patterns in energy consumption and citizenship across six European and four Sub-Saharan countries. Using machine learning, it identifies how gender, socio-economic status, and caregiving shape energy access, political efficacy, and sustainability capability. Results show that while gender alone has limited impact, intersecting inequalities significantly influence energy marginalization. In the Global South, affordability and infrastructure drive exclusion, whereas in the Global North, social and technical factors interact more equally. The findings highlight the need for targeted, equity-focused energy policies to ensure a just transition.