Evaluating Surgical Prognosis in Retinal Detachment and Determine the Role of Predictive Factors in Iraqi Healthcare

Background and Purpose: Retinal detachment (DR) is an ophthalmological emergency. This study is motivated to assess surgical prognosis outcomes of retinal detachment and enrol predictive factors data, and it is related to Iraqi healthcare. Methods: We conducted a study on 80 patients aged 30-70 years who presented with retinal detachment. All patients underwent surgery by vitrectomy. Demographic and surgical data were collected from hospitals in Baghdad, Iraq, between February 2023 and March 2024. Functional outcomes of the eye were assessed using BCVA, which measured the visual acuity of the patients and macular OCT of the patients after surgery. Results: We enrolled all data of 80 patients with RRD who underwent a vitrectomy procedure. Patients with age ≥ 50 were the most suffered of RRD in 62.5%, males had 70%, and females had 30%; the period of symptoms was found to be 9.82 ± 4.17 days of all total patients observed in this study. In the assessment of visual acuity by BCVA, we noticed males got 1.62 ± 1.01 in preoperative and 0.62 ± 0.44 in postoperative, while females got 2.08 ± 1.22 in preoperative and 0.78 ± 0.58 in postoperative. Conclusion: According to the study, visual results in patients having complex rhegmatogenous retinal detachment vitrectomy are strongly predicted by preoperative BCVA and symptom duration. Results from optical coherence tomography macular imaging were impacted by the discontinuity of the ellipsoid zone after operation