Artificial Intelligence in Surgery: Transforming Modern Surgical Practice

Artificial Intelligence (AI) encompasses computational systems that simulate human intelligence to perform complex tasks such as learning, problem-solving, and pattern recognition. In surgery, the integration of AI represents a paradigm shift—enhancing surgeon capabilities across various domains \[2]. With the rise of machine learning (ML), computer vision, and robotics, AI is assisting in preoperative imaging, real-time intraoperative decisions, surgical robotics, and predictive analytics \[3]. **2. Materials and Methods** This study followed a structured literature review methodology. Databases including PubMed, Scopus, and IEEE Xplore were searched for articles published between January 2015 and April 2024 using the terms “Artificial Intelligence,” “Surgery,” “Machine Learning,” “Robotic Surgery,” and “Surgical Outcomes.”