Research to Propose Solutions to Encourage and Promote Public-Private Partnership (PPP) Models in Developing Technology and Innovation Projects in Vietnam

Public-Private Partnership (PPP) is an attractive model for implementing projects in general and, specifically, science, technology, and innovation projects in Vietnam today. However, in reality, PPP projects in the field of science, technology, and innovation in Vietnam are still very limited, and there are almost no large-scale projects. When it comes to PPP in activities related to science, technology, and innovation, enterprises are often hesitant and unclear about how to proceed. Many questions need to be answered regarding legal mechanisms, implementation frameworks, methods of collaboration, delineation of outputs, responsibilities of the parties, and evaluation of the effectiveness of science, technology, and innovation products. These analyses clearly show the need for specific research on PPP models in implementing science, technology, and innovation projects in the current context in Vietnam. Consideration should be given to offering some suggestions to improve quality and promote PPP activities during the implementation of these projects. Scientific, technological, and innovative activities have unique characteristics related to cost calculation methods, project organization, efficiency analysis, evaluation of project outcomes, risk management, and social impact analysis. Therefore, when implementing science, technology, and innovation projects in the form of Public-Private Partnerships (PPP), many different questions arise. Certain specific aspects of Vietnamese policies, especially those related to public assets and intellectual property, also pose challenges. Thus, researching thareapplication of PPP models in the implementation of science, technology, and innovation projects in Vietnam is very interesting, with many findings, but also very challenging.