Influence of Cooling Systems on a Dual-Fluid CPVT Solar Concentrator (Water and Air)

This study focuses on optimizing the energy performance of a dual-fluid (water and air) photovoltaic-thermal (PVT) cogeneration system integrated with a solar concentrator (dual-fluid CPVT). This innovative system aims to maximize solar energy utilization by balancing thermal and electrical outputs through efficient cooling management, while being adapted to the specific climatic conditions of Mahajanga. The reflectors capture and concentrate solar radiation, increasing the irradiation on the absorber and reducing reflective losses. This intensified solar flux significantly enhances the system’s overall energy efficiency. Furthermore, the integration of fins and the simultaneous use of both fluids improve the cooling of photovoltaic cells and heat transfer to the air. However, this configuration slightly limits heat recovery by the water, necessitating the optimization of both external and internal parameters. A one-dimensional dynamic numerical model was developed and simulated using MATLAB with the Runge-Kutta method. Analysis of the results demonstrates that tuning the number and characteristics of the fins, as well as the mass flow rates of the fluids (water and air), enables an optimal balance between electrical generation and thermal recovery. This approach ensures stable electricity production, efficient domestic hot water generation, and the provision of hot air suitable for drying applications. Through rigorous modeling and advanced simulations, this study makes a significant contribution to the development of hybrid photovoltaic-thermal systems, offering promising prospects for enhanced solar energy utilization within the framework of a sustainable energy transition. This article was originally published in the *International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD), Volume 21, Issue 6 (June 2025), PP 69-83 📄 Original link: https://ijerd.com/paper/vol21-issue6/21066983.pdf