Anti-Bacterial Activities of Co-Cd Nano ferrites against the Pathogenic strain of Staphylococcus and E.Coli

AbstractThis study reports the synthesis and antibacterial assessment of nanostructured Co1-xCdxFe2O4 (where x = 0.00, 0.2,0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0) spinel ferrite nanoparticles using the citrate gel auto-combustion technique. The substitution ofsmaller Co2+ ions with larger Cd2+ ions introduce lattice distortions and macrostrain, which significantly influenceantimicrobial activity. These materials were evaluated for their antibacterial activity against Gram-positive(Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) strains using minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) and optical density (OD) measurements. The results indicate that compositions with balanced cobalt andcadmium ratios particularly Co0.4Cd0.6Fe2O4 exhibited superior antibacterial activity even at low concentrations. Thestudy highlights the role of stress-induced structural modification and cationic distribution in enhancing thebiological activity of ferrite nanoparticles, offering promising applications in antimicrobial coatings, environmentaldisinfection, and biomedical fields.