Direct Immunofluorescence of Renal Biopsy and Its Clinicopathological Correlation

Aim & Objectives: This study was undertaken to analyze the strength of Direct Immunofluorescence microscopy in the diagnosis of renal disease presented with various clinical symptoms and compare the findings with similar studies published. The purpose of our study is to assess the histopathological spectrum of renal biopsies conjoining with The Direct Immunofluorescence in our population. We studied 105 consecutive renal biopsies over a period of 11 months. The Histopathological and Direct Immunofluorescence findings were carefully documented and analyzed. The morphology was then correlated with clinical features, in relation to the age and gender of the patient. Results: In our patient population, primary glomerulonephritis mainly focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) was the most common prevalent kidney disease. Nephrotic syndrome (NS) was the leading indication for renal biopsy, followed by acute renal failure. Maximum Direct Immunofluorescence positivity was seen in Lupus Nephritis (6/6 cases showed FULL-HOUSE effect (Positive for IgG, IgM, IgA, Complement C3, C1Q, Kappa & Lambda). Conclusion: Direct Immunofluorescence assisted to correct diagnosis of renal disease in parallel with light microscopic examination along its correlation with clinical features and serological parameters. In less than 5% of patients, electron microscopy might be essential.