THE ROLE OF THE INTESTINAL MUCOSA IN MICROSTRUCTURE AND ABSORPTION

The intestinal mucosa is one of the most complex and highly specialized structures of the body and is the most important link in the digestive system. This layer performs not only mechanical and protective functions, but also participates in the transfer of nutrients into the blood through complex absorption mechanisms, maintaining the immunological state of the body, as well as signal transmission and metabolic activities. This article provides a comprehensive and detailed description of the microstructure of the intestinal mucosa, the morphological and histological characteristics of its constituent cells, structures, and their functional role in the absorption process.