OPTIMIZING FORENSIC ACCURACY THROUGH 3D CRIME SCENE RECONSTRUCTION AND ANALYTICAL RELIABILITY IN LATENT PRINT AND TOOLMARK INTERPRETATION

This paper examines the intersection of digital reconstruction technologies and traditional forensic methods in crime scene investigation (CSI). With the advent of 3D laser scanning, crime scene documentation has achieved new levels of precision and reproducibility, enabling forensic experts to reconstruct events in spatial detail. However, traditional forensic pattern evidence such as fingerprint and toolmark analysis continues to face scrutiny for its subjectivity and error rates. This paper explores how integrating advanced reconstruction with rigorous reliability assessment can enhance the scientific robustness of CSI. Pre-2023 literature is reviewed to trace developments, identify challenges, and propose a hybrid model for accuracy and accountability in forensic investigations.