EFFECT OF CUCUMEROPSIS MANNI SEED OIL ON LIVER AND KIDNEY FUNCTION MARKERS OF CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE INDUCED TOXICITY IN WISTAR ALBINO RATS

This study evaluated the hepatic and renal properties of cucumeropsis manni seed oil on cyclophosphamide-induced toxicity in Wistar albino rats. Thirty-six male Wistar albino rats were randomly assigned into 6 groups (A, B, C, D, E, and F) of 6 rats each. Group A (normal control) received 5ml/kg b.w of normal saline for 28 days; Group B (negative control) received 5ml/kg b.w of normal saline for 27 days and 100 mg/kg b.w of cyclophosphamide at day 28 only. Group C (standard control) received 300 mg/kg b.w of Omega 3 oil for 27 days and 100 mg/kg b.w of cyclophosphamide on day 28. Group D received 5 ml/kg b.w of C. mannii seed oil for 27 days, then 100mg/kg b.w of cyclophosphamide at day 28. Group E received 2.5 ml/kg b.w of C. mannii seed oil for 27 days and 100 mg/kg b.w of cyclophosphamide atday 28. Group F received 1.5 ml/kg b.w of C. mannii seed oil for 27 days and 100 mg/kg b.w of cyclophosphamide at day 28. Normal saline, Omega 3 oil and C. mannii seed oil were administered via oral intubation, while cyclophosphamide was administered intraperitoneal. The body weights of the experimental rats were measured on a weekly basis. On day 29, rats from each group (Groups A-F) were sacrificed and serum collected for biochemical analysis. Kidney function parameters such as serum creatinine, serum urea, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum Na+, and K+ are determined using commercial kits following the manufacturer's instructions. Liver function parameters, serum albumin, total bilirubin and total protein were done by Doumas et al. (1971), and AST and ALT activities were assayed by the method of Reitman and Frankel (1957). In contrast, the activities of ALP were done using the method of Plummer (1978). Cyclophosphamide-induced toxicity was evidenced by significant (p<0.05) elevation in the activities of ALT, AST and ALP and levels of albumin, total bilirubin, conjugated bilirubin, creatinine, urea, BUN, sodium and potassium about the standard control. Administration of CMSO and Omega 3 fatty acid before administration of the cyclophosphamide in rats led to an increase in body weight. However, administration of Cucumeropsis mannii seed oil and Omega 3 oil significantly (p<0.05) ameliorated the toxicity caused by cyclophosphamide in a non-dose-dependent manner. This study suggests that prophylactic administration of Cucumeropsis mannii seed oil could be clinically important in managing cyclophosphamide-induced hepato-renal toxicity in albino rats.