Migration of Syrian Refugees to Turkey and the Impact of Bashar al-Assad's Departure on Return Decisions

This study examines the reasons behind the migration of Syrian refugees who sought asylum in Turkey following the outbreak of the civil war in 2011, their living experiences in Turkey, and their return intentions after the resignation of Bashar al-Assad as of December 8, 2024. Based on survey data, the analysis reveals that the majority of refugees prefer to remain in Turkey, with major obstacles to return being concerns over security and economic uncertainty. The radical structure of the new Syrian administration (HTS and its leader Ahmed al-Shara) acts as a deterrent for many refugees. During the integration process in Turkey, challenges such as language barriers, economic hardship, and social incompatibility are prominent. Turkey needs to develop policies that support integration and prepare the infrastructure for voluntary and safe return.